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Keepalived高可用集群应用场景与配置

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1.Keepalived单实例主备模式集群方案

    这是最简单的模式,不只考虑高可用集群,先不考虑后方的Nginx负载均衡集群,即后端的服务器集群,参考下面的图示:



    其对应的Keepalived核心配置如下:

  • lb01

global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id lb01    # 用来标识一个Keepalived高可用集群中的一个节点服务器,因此是唯一的
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER      # 主
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 55    # 主备两台服务器的该值应该要相同
priority 150 
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.12/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
}
  • lb02

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id lb02
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 55
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.12/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
    }
}

2.Nginx负载均衡集群配合Keepalived单实例主备模式集群方案

    在1的基础上,同时考虑后端的Nginx负载均衡集群,参考下面的图示:


    其对应的Keepalived和Nginx配置如下:

  • lb01

Keepalive配置:

failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id lb01
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 55
    priority 150
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.12/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
    }
}

Nginx配置:

[root@lb01 conf]# cat nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    sendfile on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    upstream www_server_pools {
        server 10.0.0.9:80 weight=1;
        server 10.0.0.10:80 weight=1;
    }
    server {
        listen 10.0.0.12:80;
        server_name www.xpleaf.org;
        location / {
        proxy_pass http://www_server_pools;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
    }
}
  • lb02

Keepalived配置:

failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id lb02
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 55
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.12/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
    }
}

Nginx配置:

[root@lb02 conf]# cat nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    sendfile on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    upstream www_server_pools {
        server 10.0.0.9:80 weight=1;
        server 10.0.0.10:80 weight=1;
    }
    server {
        listen 10.0.0.12:80;
        server_name www.xpleaf.org;
        location / {
        proxy_pass http://www_server_pools;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
    }
}

3.Keepalived双实例双主模式集群方案

    参考下面图示:


    其对应的Keepalive核心配置如下:

  • lb01

global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id lb01
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 55
priority 150 
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.12/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 56
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.13/24 dev eth0 label eth0:2
}
}
  • lb02

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id lb02
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 55
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.12/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
    }
}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 56
    priority 150
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.13/24 dev eth0 label eth0:2
    }
}

   如此一来,两个Keepalived集群节点的资源都得到了充分利用,可以考虑两个实例为不同的业务提供服务,例如,实例1可以作为业务bbs.xpleaf.org的主用设备,实例2可以作为业务blog.xpleaf.org的主用设备。

    然后在每个高可用集群节点中,为两个不同的业务分别配置两个不同的upstream服务器池,从而实现前端反向代理高可用和负载均衡,高可用集群后端的服务器池在不同的业务中也能提供负载均衡。

    结合上面的分析,就可以得到Nginx负载均衡配合Keepalived双实例双主模式的场景了。

4.Nginx负载均衡集群配合Keepalived双实例双主模式集群方案

    根据3的分析结果,参考下面的图示,注意下面这个图中的Keepalive配置与3的是一样的:


    对应Nginx的配置如下:

  • lb01

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    upstream bbs_server_pools {	# bbs业务服务器池
        server 10.0.0.101:80 weight=1;
        server 10.0.0.102:80 weight=1;
		# 假设10.0.0.101和10.0.0.102为bbs业务的两个集群节点
    }
	upstream blog_server_pools {	# blog业务服务器池
        server 10.0.0.103:80 weight=1;
        server 10.0.0.104:80 weight=1;
		# 假设10.0.0.103和10.0.0.104为bbs业务的两个集群节点
    }
    server {
        listen 10.0.0.12:80;
        server_name bbs.xpleaf.org;
        location / {
        proxy_pass http://bbs_server_pools;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen 10.0.0.13:80;
        server_name blog.xpleaf.org;
        location / {
        proxy_pass http://blog_server_pools;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        }
    }
}
  • lb02

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    upstream bbs_server_pools {	# bbs业务服务器池
        server 10.0.0.101:80 weight=1;
        server 10.0.0.102:80 weight=1;
		# 假设10.0.0.101和10.0.0.102为bbs业务的两个集群节点
    }
	upstream blog_server_pools {	# blog业务服务器池
        server 10.0.0.103:80 weight=1;
        server 10.0.0.104:80 weight=1;
		# 假设10.0.0.103和10.0.0.104为bbs业务的两个集群节点
    }
    server {
        listen 10.0.0.12:80;
        server_name bbs.xpleaf.org;
        location / {
        proxy_pass http://bbs_server_pools;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen 10.0.0.13:80;
        server_name blog.xpleaf.org;
        location / {
        proxy_pass http://blog_server_pools;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        }
    }
}

    可以看到,两台负载均衡器的Nginx配置是一样的。


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